Cornelius b



(No Model.) I

0. B. TODD.

GAS BURNER.

Patented Sept. 20, 1887.

LrLll FlEEEE'E:

OW W Uwrrnn Srar'ns PATENT CORNELIUS B. TODD, OF PITTSBURG,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CAMPBELL BURNER- COMPANY, (LIMITED,) OFSAME PLACE.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 370,107, datedSeptember 20, 1887.

Application filed March 5, 1887. Serial No. 229,840,

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CORNELIUS B. TODD, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Gas-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to an improvement in gas-burners for illuminatingpurposes. The purpose for which-I have especially devised it is forburning what is known as natural gas, which, being comparativelydeficient in carbon, burns with the characteristic blue flame ofhydrocarbon gases without emitting much light. I have found, however,that when natural gas is burned in connection with heated air itsilluminating properties are bet ter, while where the gas is heateddeposits of carbon take place, which in a short time are sufiicient toclog the burner. For this reason the burners now in general use inconnection with gas in which both the air and gas are heated are notadapted for the use of natural gas.

It will be noticed that in my improved burner the parts are arranged forthe purpose of heating the air only, the flames being directed ordeflected toward the air-heating disks, while no provision is made forheating the gas, but, on the other hand, the cool air surrounding thegas-pipe acts as a cooling agent to the same.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification,Figurel is a perspective view of the burner. Fig. 2 is a verticaldiametrical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical diametricalsection of a modification.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts wherever they occur.

The burnershownisdesignedfor mill-lights, or burners used without shadeor chimney for the illumination of factories and other open placesexposed to drafts of air. The gas is fed through a supply-pipe, a, intothe cap I), which forms the jet or burner proper, and is provided withan annular series of lateral perforations, 0, preferably situate in onehorizontal plane. The cap I) is closed at the top,

and is attached to the feed-pipe a by being screw-threaded, as shown atd in Fig. 2. Mounted upon and concentric with the pipe 0., below theperforations of the burner-cap, is

(No model.)

a concave cup-shaped disk, 6, which forms the base of what I will hereindenominate a heating-chamber, while placed within this base, andlikewise concentric with the 'pipe a, are one or more superposed concavedisks, 9 and h. The radii of curvature of these parts are successivelygreater than the part a, so that when in position they are somewhatseparate from each other, thereby forming one or more superposedchambers, cg andg h, or one chamher, 6 h, divided into two parts by amiddle partition.

Each of the concave disks 6, g, and it may be perforated with manyholes, so as to permit free passage of air through the chambers and outof the perforations of the upper cup, h, which are situate just beneaththe gas-holes of the burner-cap b. The direction of the latter holes ishorizontal, as has been noticed, so that the flame as it issues thenceis caused to impinge upon the rim of the lower disk or cup, e, and theouter part of the surface disk, It, thereby raising these parts toaconsiderable heat. The cap I) may be surmounted by a horizontal plateor deflector, t, which extends circumferentially considerably above theperiphery of the cap. The effect of this part is to reflect heat fromthe burning gas down upon the surface of the topmost disk and throughits perforations within the chamber 0 g and g h. As a matter ofconstruction, I prefer to make the disk of considerable thickness ofmetal, since the heat is thereby caused to spread evenly throughoutthese parts by conduction.

In Fig. 3 the outer cup, 0, is formed without perforations, an annularpassage, or, between the base of the cup 6 and the pipe a permitting thepassage of air to the air-chamber c h. The disk 9 may also be omitted,and also the deflector The operation of my improvement when thusconstructed will be readily understood. The combustion of gas as itissues from the lateral jets 0 creates a vacuum above the disk It andinduces the air for combining with the gas through the burner chamber 0h and through the perforations of the several disks composing the sameor the passage m. disks are, however, heated by the burning gas- The IOQ

flame issuing from the lateral jets, and by contact and radiation giveup their heat to v the passing air, which in turn becomes so hot as toperceptibly'increase the'illumination of the gas in a very short timefrom the first ignition of the same.

The advantages of my improved burner are very great. The flame producedis of larger area and possesses much greater illuminating propertiesthan that produced by an ordinary burner. This is caused by the lateraljets causing the gas to pass horizontally into the ascending currents ofheated air which arise 'from the air-chamber, and where the burner, asherein described, is used in connection with natural gas abrilliantwhite flame is produced, which is due to the combination of the airchamber and the lateral gas-jets, for upon the removal of theair-chamber the flame becomes yellow and loses its brilliancy, andshould vertical gas-jets be employed theflame would practically benon-illuminating.

I do not desire to claim, broadly, in a gasburner a heating-chamberhaving'perforated disks or sides.

I am aware of English Letters Patent No. 2,755 of 1882, and GermanLetters Patent No. 15,467 of 1881, and do not desire to claim thedevices therein shown.

- Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. In a gas-burner, the combination of the burner I), having lateraljet-openings c, and an air-chamber having a perforated top situate belowthe jet-openings of the burner, so that the air-chamber shall beadjacent to the burner and arranged to heat the air, substan tially asand for the purposes-described.

2. In a gas-burner, the combination of the burner b, havingacentraldeflector, i, and jetopenings 0, situate below the deflector, andcup-shaped perforated disks e and h, arranged below the jet-openings ofthe burner and the deflector, so as to form an air-chamber adjacent tothe'burner and arranged to heat the air, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

3. In a gas-burner, the combination of the burner b, having a centraldeflector, i, and j etopenings 0, situate below the deflector, separatedperforated disks eandh, and interposed disk 9, arranged below thejet-openings of the burner and the deflector, so as to form anairchamber adjacent to the burner and arranged CORNELIUS B. TODD.

Witnesses:

W. B. 'CORWIN, J AMES K. BAKEWELL.

